In this lesson, I’ll explain the concept of Virtual Link in OSPF, the scenarios in which it is required, and how to configure it on Juniper routers. A virtual link is a logical connection created to ensure connectivity between a remote area and Area 0 (the backbone area) when there is no direct physical connection. This is achieved by designating an intermediary area (transit area) to act as a bridge. This is required because, as I said earlier in the previous lessons, all areas on OSPF should connect to area 0 which is the backbone area.

It happens sometimes that there is no physical connection between a remote area and area 0 and there is an area between them. Then we will use this intermediate area to be a transit area using virtual link allowing the remote area to reach to area 0.

Let me show you this in a LAB directly.

As you can see, area 2 is not connected to area 0 and there is a transit area (area 1) between them. I will use area 1 to form a virtual link allowing area 2 to reach area 0. Let’s do this work in a LAB.

Step 1: Verify Existing OSPF Configuration

Ensure OSPF and IP addresses are configured on all routers.

Step 2: Check Router 1’s Routing Table

Verify that R1 does not see networks from Area 2.

Area 2 routes (e.g., 4.4.4.4/32) are not visible.

Step 3: Note the Router IDs of R2 and R3

Find the Router IDs of R2 and R3 for the virtual link configuration.

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