Here we start with a new topic which is the routing mark and the route policy. Before we go in depth into this topic, it is very important that we know that in MikroTik we do have 2 tables when talking about routing:
- Routing Information Base (RIB)
- Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
Let’s take each one aside and explain about it.
Routing Information Base (RIB)
This table mainly contains all routes of the routing protocol(s) that you are implementing. If you are not using any routing mark, then all routes on the MikroTik router will be inside the main routing table. If you are using some routing mark, then the RIB will contain routes grouped in separated routing tables based on their value of the routing mark.
From the RIB table, the best routes are being selected and will be installed in the FIB table where the decision of the routing will be made. That means that no any route decision is made on the RIB table.
In brief, RIB contains all routes from all routing protocols. In case no routing mark is used, then all routes will be in the main routing table. There is no any routing decision made from the RIB (this is the function of the FIB). The best routes are being selected from the RIB and copied to the FIB table.
The RIB table is normally what we see in the MikroTik RouterOS when we go to IP>Routes from Winbox.
Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
As explained in the RIB part, the FIB table is used to make packet forwarding decisions. It contains a copy of the necessary routing information from the RIB, and based on this it will do the packet forwarding (or routing) decision.
Please be aware that each routing protocol (except BGP) has its own internal FIB table to be able to the routing decision.
As for BGP routing protocol, it doesn’t have an internal routing table and it stores the complete routing information from all peers in the RIB. We shouldn’t care too much about BGP now because we are talking about the static route, but I just wanted to share this information for you, so you are aware.
Routing Mark
Now that you are aware about the RIB and FIB tables, and you know the difference and the function of each table, let’s talk about the routing mark that we will apply it on the MikroTik RouterOS in the upcoming LAB.
Imagine you have 2 ISP connections connected to your MikroTik router, and you decided that all gaming traffic coming from the LAN should go via ISP2 and all other non-gaming traffic should go via ISP1.
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